{"id":8518,"date":"2025-06-25T08:55:52","date_gmt":"2025-06-25T08:55:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.kscranegroup.com\/?post_type=posts&#038;p=8518"},"modified":"2025-06-25T08:55:55","modified_gmt":"2025-06-25T08:55:55","slug":"reliable-crane-wheel-load-calculation","status":"publish","type":"posts","link":"https:\/\/www.kscranegroup.com\/el\/posts\/reliable-crane-wheel-load-calculation\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0388\u03be\u03c5\u03c0\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03cc\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03c4\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03bf\u03cd \u03b3\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd: \u0394\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1, \u03b5\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03c7\u03cd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 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\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03a5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd \u039a\u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03a6\u03bf\u03c1\u03c4\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03a4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03ce\u03bd:\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#2-wheel-tread-contact-strength-calculation\">2. \u03a5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03c6\u03ae\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03ad\u03bb\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03bf\u03cd:<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#2-1-allowable-wheel-pressure-for-line-contact\">2.1 \u0395\u03c0\u03b9\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03c0\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c0\u03af\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03bf\u03cd \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03c6\u03ae \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03ae:<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#2-2-allowable-wheel-pressure-for-point-contact\">2.2 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\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c0\u03cc \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b8\u03ae\u03ba\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" height=\"715\" src=\"https:\/\/www.kscranegroup.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Crane-Wheel-Load-Calculation.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-8530\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"calculation-of-crane-wheel-load-calculation\">\u03a5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03c4\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03bf\u03cd \u03b3\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd&nbsp;<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u03a4\u03bf \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03c4\u03af\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03bf\u03af \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b3\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c7\u03ad\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03c4\u03af\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bb\u03b7\u03c6\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03c5\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03cd\u03bc\u03c6\u03c9\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b8\u03ae\u03ba\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b9\u03c3\u03bf\u03c1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03be\u03c9\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03c4\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b3\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd. \u03a4\u03bf \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03c4\u03af\u03bf \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b1\u03ad\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b3\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03bc\u03ad\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03c4\u03af\u03bf \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u03bb\u03ac\u03c7\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03c4\u03af\u03bf \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03ce\u03bd. \u03a4\u03bf \u03bc\u03ad\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03c4\u03af\u03bf \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b1\u03ad\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b3\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03c4\u03af\u03bf \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03bf\u03cd \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03c4\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03c3\u03b9 \u03b2\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03ac \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ae \u03b8\u03ad\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u03bb\u03ac\u03c7\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03c4\u03af\u03bf \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03ce\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03c4\u03af\u03bf \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03bf\u03cd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03ac\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03af\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03c3\u03b9 \u03b5\u03ba\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03af\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u039c\u03ad\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03c4\u03af\u03bf \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03bf\u03cd (\u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03c4\u03af\u03bf) = (G-G1)\/n + (Q+G1)*(L-L1)\/n*L&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0395\u03bb\u03ac\u03c7\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03c4\u03af\u03bf \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03bf\u03cd (\u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c2 \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03c4\u03af\u03bf) = (G-G1)\/n + G1*L1\/n*L&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>G = \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b2\u03ac\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd (\u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03bb\u03b5\u03ca) (T)&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>G1 = \u03b2\u03ac\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c4\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd (T)&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Q = \u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b1\u03bd\u03c5\u03c8\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 (T)&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>L = \u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 m&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>n = \u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03b8\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b3\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>L1 = \u03b5\u03bb\u03ac\u03c7\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 (\u03c3\u03b5 T) \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03b3\u03ba\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ad\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0395\u03bb\u03ac\u03c7\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03b3\u03ba\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ad\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd (m)&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"crane-wheel-selection-and-verification\">\u0395\u03c0\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u0395\u03c0\u03b1\u03bb\u03ae\u03b8\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03a4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03bf\u03cd \u0393\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd&nbsp;<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u03a0\u03ce\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bb\u03ad\u03be\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03c4\u03af\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b3\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03ce\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03bb\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b5\u03ac\u03bd \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03bf\u03af \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"1-determination-of-fatigue-calculation-load-of-wheels\">1. \u03a0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03a5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd \u039a\u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03a6\u03bf\u03c1\u03c4\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03a4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03ce\u03bd:&nbsp;<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u03a4\u03bf \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03c4\u03af\u03bf \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 PC \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03ce\u03bd \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03af \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03ad\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03bb\u03ac\u03c7\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c0\u03af\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03bf\u03cd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b3\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf \u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 PC \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03be\u03ae\u03c2:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"230\" height=\"62\" src=\"https:\/\/www.kscranegroup.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/1Determination-of-fatigue-calculation-load-of-wheels.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-8519\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>PC \u2014 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03ba\u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03bf\u03cd \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03c4\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 (N)\u00b7&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u03a0<sub>\u039c\u03ad\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7<\/sub> \u2014 \u03bc\u03ad\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c0\u03af\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03bf\u03cd (N) \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03bf \u03b3\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03af \u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac\u00b7&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u03a0<sub>\u03b5\u03bb\u03ac\u03c7<\/sub> \u2014 \u03b5\u03bb\u03ac\u03c7\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c0\u03af\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03bf\u03cd (N) \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03bf \u03b3\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03af \u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac\u00b7&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u039a\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 P<sub>\u039c\u03ad\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7<\/sub> \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03a0<sub>\u03b5\u03bb\u03ac\u03c7<\/sub>, \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03c4\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03cd\u03c8\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03af\u03c3\u03bf\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 1.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0393\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b5\u03bd\u03b1\u03ad\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf \u03b3\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc, \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03bf \u03b3\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03bb\u03b5\u03ca \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03af \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03c4\u03af\u03bf \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ae \u03b8\u03ad\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03ac, \u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03b7 \u03c0\u03af\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03ac \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03bb\u03b5\u03ca \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 P<sub>\u039c\u03ad\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7<\/sub>; \u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03b7 \u03c0\u03af\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03ac \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c2 \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03c4\u03af\u03bf, \u03bc\u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03bb\u03b5\u03ca, \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 P<sub>\u03b5\u03bb\u03ac\u03c7<\/sub>\u0393\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b5\u03bd\u03b1\u03ad\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf \u03b3\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc, \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf \u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03c4\u03af\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b3\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03bb\u03b5\u03ca \u03c6\u03c4\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ae \u03b8\u03ad\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03ac\u03c2, \u03b7 \u03c0\u03af\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03ac \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03bb\u03b5\u03ca \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 P.<sub>\u039c\u03ad\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7<\/sub>; \u03b7 \u03c0\u03af\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03bf\u03cd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03c4\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03bb\u03b5\u03ca \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 P<sub>\u03b5\u03bb\u03ac\u03c7<\/sub>\u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c6\u03bb\u03cc\u03ba\u03bf, \u03b7 \u03c0\u03af\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03b2\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03af\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03ad\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03bb\u03ac\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03c4\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 P<sub>\u039c\u03ad\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7<\/sub>; \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03c0\u03af\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03b2\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03af\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03bb\u03ac\u03c7\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03bb\u03ac\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b5\u03bd\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c0\u03af\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 P<sub>\u03b5\u03bb\u03ac\u03c7<\/sub>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"2-wheel-tread-contact-strength-calculation\">2. \u03a5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03c6\u03ae\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03ad\u03bb\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03bf\u03cd:<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"2-1-allowable-wheel-pressure-for-line-contact\">2.1 \u0395\u03c0\u03b9\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03c0\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c0\u03af\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03bf\u03cd \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03c6\u03ae \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03ae:<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u03a0<sub>\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf<\/sub>\u2264K<sub>1<\/sub>\u00d7D\u00d7L\u00d7C<sub>1<\/sub>\u00d7C<sub>2<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>\u03a0<sub>\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf<\/sub> \u2014- \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03c4\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03bf\u03cd (N)\u00b7&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u03ba<sub>1<\/sub> \u2014\u2013 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03c0\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03ac \u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03c6\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2 (N\/mm2) \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c7\u03ad\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc, \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03cd\u03bc\u03c6\u03c9\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03a0\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1 1\u00b7&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>D \u2014\u2013 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03bf\u03cd (mm);&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>L\u2014\u2014 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03bc\u03ae\u03ba\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03c6\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03b9\u03ac\u03c2\u00b7&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf<sub>1<\/sub>\u2014\u2013 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b1\u03c7\u03cd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2, \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03cd\u03bc\u03c6\u03c9\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03a0\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1 2\u00b7&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf<sub>2<\/sub>\u2014\u2013 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c0\u03ad\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2, \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03cd\u03bc\u03c6\u03c9\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03a0\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1 3\u00b7<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1678\" src=\"https:\/\/www.kscranegroup.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/2Allowable-wheel-pressure-for-line-contact-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-8522\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.kscranegroup.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/2Allowable-wheel-pressure-for-line-contact-scaled.jpg 2560w, https:\/\/www.kscranegroup.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/2Allowable-wheel-pressure-for-line-contact-1536x1007.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.kscranegroup.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/2Allowable-wheel-pressure-for-line-contact-2048x1342.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u03a0\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd (\u03a0\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1\u03c2 1):<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><thead><tr><th>\u03c3<sub>\u03c3\u03b9<\/sub><\/th><th>\u03ba<sub>1<\/sub><\/th><th>\u03ba<sub>2<\/sub><\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>500<\/td><td>3.8<\/td><td>0.053<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>600<\/td><td>5.6<\/td><td>0.1<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>650<\/td><td>6.0<\/td><td>0.132<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>700<\/td><td>6.8<\/td><td>0.181<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>800<\/td><td>7.2<\/td><td>0.245<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">\u03a0\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1\u03c2 \u03a3\u03c5\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03a5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0391\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae\u03c2 \u0395\u03c0\u03b1\u03c6\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03a0\u03ad\u03bb\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03a4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03bf\u03cd 1<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><em>\u03a3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2:<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>1. \u03c3<\/em><em><sub>\u03c3\u03b9 <\/sub><\/em><em>\u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b5\u03bb\u03ba\u03c5\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd (N\/mm<\/em><em><sup>2<\/sup><\/em><em>);<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>2. \u039f\u03b9 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03b2\u03b4\u03b9\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b6\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b8\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b2\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1, \u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ce\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c3\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03ad\u03bb\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 HB=300~380 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b2\u03ac\u03b8\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03c3\u03b2\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 15mm~20mm. \u039a\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03c0\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2, \u03c3<\/em><em><sub>\u03c3\u03b9<\/sub><\/em><em> \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf \u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03af \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u00b7<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>3. \u038c\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf \u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03bf\u03cd \u03c5\u03b9\u03bf\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5\u03af \u03cc\u03bb\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf \u03c3\u03af\u03b4\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf. \u03c3<sub>\u03c3\u03b9<\/sub>.\u2265500 N\/mm<sup>2<\/sup> \u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc, \u039a<sub>1<\/sub>, <em>\u03ba<sub>2<\/sub><\/em> \u03b7 \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03cd\u03bc\u03c6\u03c9\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c3<sub>\u03c3\u03b9<\/sub>.=500N\/mm<sup>2<\/sup>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u03a0\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd (\u03a0\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1\u03c2 2):<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td>\u03a3\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03ad\u03c2\/\u03bb\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03cc&nbsp;<\/td><td rowspan=\"2\">\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf<sub>1<\/sub><\/td><td>\u03a3\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03ad\u03c2\/\u03bb\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03cc<\/td><td rowspan=\"2\">\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf<sub>1<\/sub><\/td><td>\u03a3\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03ad\u03c2\/\u03bb\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03cc<\/td><td rowspan=\"2\">\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf<sub>1<\/sub><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u03b5\u03bb\u03ac\u03c7<sup>-1<\/sup><\/td><td>\u03b5\u03bb\u03ac\u03c7<sup>-1<\/sup><\/td><td>\u03b5\u03bb\u03ac\u03c7<sup>-1<\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>200<\/td><td>0.66<\/td><td>50<\/td><td>0.94<\/td><td>16<\/td><td>1.09<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>160<\/td><td>0.72<\/td><td>45<\/td><td>0.96<\/td><td>14<\/td><td>1.1<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>125<\/td><td>0.77<\/td><td>40<\/td><td>0.97<\/td><td>12.5<\/td><td>1.11<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>112<\/td><td>0.79<\/td><td>35.5<\/td><td>0.99<\/td><td>11.2<\/td><td>1.12<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>100<\/td><td>0.82<\/td><td>31.5<\/td><td>1.00<\/td><td>10<\/td><td>1.13<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>90<\/td><td>0.84<\/td><td>28<\/td><td>1.02<\/td><td>8<\/td><td>1.14<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>80<\/td><td>0.87<\/td><td>25<\/td><td>1.03<\/td><td>6.3<\/td><td>1.15<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>71<\/td><td>0.89<\/td><td>22.4<\/td><td>1.04<\/td><td>5.6<\/td><td>1.16<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>63<\/td><td>0.91<\/td><td>20<\/td><td>1.06<\/td><td>5<\/td><td>1.17<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>56<\/td><td>0.92<\/td><td>18<\/td><td>1.07<\/td><td>&nbsp;<\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">\u03a0\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1\u03c2 \u03a3\u03c5\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03a5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0391\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae\u03c2 \u0395\u03c0\u03b1\u03c6\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03a0\u03ad\u03bb\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03a4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03bf\u03cd 2<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u03a0\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd (\u03a0\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1\u03c2 3):<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><thead><tr><th>\u0395\u03c0\u03af\u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u039b\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u039f\u03c1\u03b3\u03ac\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2<\/th><th>\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf<sub>2<\/sub><\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>\u039c1~\u039c3<\/td><td>1.25<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u039c4<\/td><td>1.12<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u039c5<\/td><td>1.00<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u039c6<\/td><td>0.9<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>M7, M8<\/td><td>0.8<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">\u03a0\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1\u03c2 \u03a3\u03c5\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03a5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0391\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae\u03c2 \u0395\u03c0\u03b1\u03c6\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03a0\u03ad\u03bb\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03a4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03bf\u03cd 3<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"2-2-allowable-wheel-pressure-for-point-contact\">2.2 \u0395\u03c0\u03b9\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03c0\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c0\u03af\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03bf\u03cd \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03bf \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03c6\u03ae\u03c2:<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"219\" height=\"62\" src=\"https:\/\/www.kscranegroup.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/3Allowable-wheel-pressure-for-point-contact.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-8526\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>\u03a0<sub>\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf <\/sub>\u2014- \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03c4\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03bf\u03cd (N)\u00b7&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u03ba<sub>2 <\/sub>\u2014\u2013 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03c0\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03ac \u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03c6\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc (N\/mm2), \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c3\u03cd\u03bc\u03c6\u03c9\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03a0\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1 1\u00b7&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>R \u2014\u2013 \u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bc\u03c0\u03c5\u03bb\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2, \u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bc\u03c0\u03c5\u03bb\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bc\u03c0\u03c5\u03bb\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03b9\u03ac\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2 (mm).&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>M \u2014\u2014 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ac\u03bd\u03c9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c6\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03b9\u03ac\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bc\u03c0\u03c5\u03bb\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03bf\u03cd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5 (r\/R), \u03c3\u03cd\u03bc\u03c6\u03c9\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03a0\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1 4\u00b7&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf<sub>1 <\/sub>\u2014\u2013 \u03a3\u03c5\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b1\u03c7\u03cd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2, \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03cd\u03bc\u03c6\u03c9\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03a0\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1 3\u00b7&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf<sub>2 <\/sub>\u2014\u2013 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c0\u03ad\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2, \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03cd\u03bc\u03c6\u03c9\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03a0\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1 4\u00b7<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u03a0\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd (\u03a0\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1\u03c2 4):<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td>\u03b4\u03b5\u03be\u03b9\u03ac\/\u03b4\u03b5\u03be\u03b9\u03ac<\/td><td>1.0<\/td><td>0.9<\/td><td>0.8<\/td><td>0.7<\/td><td>0.6<\/td><td>0.5<\/td><td>0.4<\/td><td>0.3<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u039c<\/td><td>0.388<\/td><td>0.400<\/td><td>0.420<\/td><td>0.440<\/td><td>0.468<\/td><td>0.490<\/td><td>0.536<\/td><td>0.600<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">\u03a0\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1\u03c2 \u03a3\u03c5\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03a5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0391\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae\u03c2 \u0395\u03c0\u03b1\u03c6\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03a0\u03ad\u03bb\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03a4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03bf\u03cd 4<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><em>\u03a3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2:<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>1. \u039f\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 m \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b5\u03bc\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03ae \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd r\/R \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03ac\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>2. r \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03ae \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bc\u03c0\u03c5\u03bb\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c6\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03c6\u03ae\u03c2<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u039f\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c9 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03af \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03b8\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03bb\u03ae\u03b8\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03bb\u03ae\u03b8\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03ce\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03bc\u03ad\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2, \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03af \u03b7 \u03bc\u03ad\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac\u03c2 \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03c4\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b5\u03cd\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b7 \u03bf\u03c1\u03b8\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd (\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03ce\u03bd, \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03b9\u03ac \u03ba.\u03bb\u03c0.).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u03a0\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ad\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03c0\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03af\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03ce\u03bd \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b6\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd \u03bf\u03c7\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td rowspan=\"4\">\u0394\u03b9\u03ac\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03bf\u03cd\/mm<\/td><td rowspan=\"4\">\u039c\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03bf \u03c1\u03ac\u03b3\u03b1\u03c2<\/td><td rowspan=\"4\">\u0395\u03c0\u03af\u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2<\/td><td colspan=\"9\">\u03a4\u03b1\u03c7\u03cd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2\/(m\/min)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"9\">\u0395\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2\/\u0391\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2<\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"3\">&lt;60<\/td><td colspan=\"3\">60~90<\/td><td colspan=\"3\">&gt;90~180<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>1.1<\/td><td>0.5<\/td><td>0.15<\/td><td>1.1<\/td><td>0.5<\/td><td>0.15<\/td><td>1.1<\/td><td>0.5<\/td><td>0.15<\/td><\/tr><tr><td rowspan=\"8\">500<\/td><td rowspan=\"4\">\u03a138<\/td><td>\u039c1~\u039c3<\/td><td>20.6<\/td><td>19.7<\/td><td>18<\/td><td>18.7<\/td><td>17.9<\/td><td>16.4<\/td><td>17.2<\/td><td>16.4<\/td><td>15<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>M4, M5<\/td><td>17.2<\/td><td>16.4<\/td><td>15<\/td><td>15.6<\/td><td>15<\/td><td>13.7<\/td><td>14.4<\/td><td>13.7<\/td><td>12.5<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>M6, M7<\/td><td>14.7<\/td><td>14.1<\/td><td>12.9<\/td><td>13.4<\/td><td>12.8<\/td><td>11.7<\/td><td>12.3<\/td><td>11.7<\/td><td>10.7<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u039c8<\/td><td>12.9<\/td><td>12.3<\/td><td>11.3<\/td><td>11.7<\/td><td>11.2<\/td><td>10.3<\/td><td>10.7<\/td><td>10.3<\/td><td>9.4<\/td><\/tr><tr><td rowspan=\"4\">QU70<\/td><td>\u039c1~\u039c3<\/td><td>26<\/td><td>24.3<\/td><td>22.7<\/td><td>23.6<\/td><td>22.6<\/td><td>20.6<\/td><td>21.7<\/td><td>20.7<\/td><td>19<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>M4, M5<\/td><td>21.7<\/td><td>20.7<\/td><td>19<\/td><td>19.7<\/td><td>18.9<\/td><td>17.2<\/td><td>18.1<\/td><td>17.3<\/td><td>15.9<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>M6, M7<\/td><td>18.6<\/td><td>17.7<\/td><td>16.2<\/td><td>16.9<\/td><td>16.2<\/td><td>14.7<\/td><td>15.5<\/td><td>14.8<\/td><td>13.6<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u039c8<\/td><td>16.3<\/td><td>15.5<\/td><td>14.2<\/td><td>14.8<\/td><td>14.1<\/td><td>12.9<\/td><td>13.6<\/td><td>12.9<\/td><td>11.6<\/td><\/tr><tr><td rowspan=\"8\">600<\/td><td rowspan=\"4\">P38P43<\/td><td>\u039c1~\u039c3<\/td><td>24.6<\/td><td>23.5<\/td><td>21.5<\/td><td>22.4<\/td><td>21.4<\/td><td>19.5<\/td><td>20.6<\/td><td>19.6<\/td><td>18<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>M4, M5<\/td><td>20.6<\/td><td>19.6<\/td><td>18<\/td><td>19.7<\/td><td>17.8<\/td><td>16.3<\/td><td>17.2<\/td><td>16.4<\/td><td>15<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>M6, M7<\/td><td>17.6<\/td><td>16.8<\/td><td>15.4<\/td><td>16<\/td><td>15.3<\/td><td>14<\/td><td>14.7<\/td><td>14<\/td><td>12.9<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u039c8<\/td><td>15.4<\/td><td>14.7<\/td><td>13.4<\/td><td>14<\/td><td>13.4<\/td><td>12.2<\/td><td>12.9<\/td><td>12.3<\/td><td>11.3<\/td><\/tr><tr><td rowspan=\"4\">QU70<\/td><td>\u039c1~\u039c3<\/td><td>32<\/td><td>30.5<\/td><td>27.9<\/td><td>29.2<\/td><td>27.8<\/td><td>25.4<\/td><td>26.7<\/td><td>25.5<\/td><td>23.3<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>M4, M5<\/td><td>26.7<\/td><td>25.5<\/td><td>23.3<\/td><td>24.4<\/td><td>23.2<\/td><td>21.2<\/td><td>22.3<\/td><td>21.3<\/td><td>19.4<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>M6, M7<\/td><td>22.9<\/td><td>21.8<\/td><td>19.9<\/td><td>20.9<\/td><td>19.9<\/td><td>18.1<\/td><td>19.1<\/td><td>18.2<\/td><td>16.7<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u039c8<\/td><td>20<\/td><td>19.1<\/td><td>17.4<\/td><td>18.3<\/td><td>17.4<\/td><td>15.8<\/td><td>16.7<\/td><td>15.9<\/td><td>14.0<\/td><\/tr><tr><td rowspan=\"8\">700<\/td><td rowspan=\"4\">\u03a143<\/td><td>\u039c1~\u039c3<\/td><td>28<\/td><td>26.8<\/td><td>24.5<\/td><td>25.5<\/td><td>24.4<\/td><td>22.3<\/td><td>23.4<\/td><td>22.4<\/td><td>20.4<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>M4, M5<\/td><td>23.4<\/td><td>22.4<\/td><td>20.4<\/td><td>21.3<\/td><td>20.4<\/td><td>18.6<\/td><td>19.5<\/td><td>18.7<\/td><td>17<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>M6, M7<\/td><td>20<\/td><td>19.2<\/td><td>17.5<\/td><td>18.3<\/td><td>17.4<\/td><td>15.9<\/td><td>16.7<\/td><td>16<\/td><td>14.6<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u039c8<\/td><td>17.5<\/td><td>16.7<\/td><td>15.3<\/td><td>15.9<\/td><td>15.2<\/td><td>13.9<\/td><td>14.6<\/td><td>14<\/td><td>12.7<\/td><\/tr><tr><td rowspan=\"4\">QU70<\/td><td>\u039c1~\u039c3<\/td><td>38.6<\/td><td>36.8<\/td><td>33.6<\/td><td>35.2<\/td><td>33.5<\/td><td>30.6<\/td><td>32.2<\/td><td>30.7<\/td><td>28<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>M4, M5<\/td><td>32.2<\/td><td>30.726<\/td><td>28<\/td><td>29.4<\/td><td>28<\/td><td>25.6<\/td><td>26.9<\/td><td>25.6<\/td><td>23.4<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>M6, M7<\/td><td>27.6<\/td><td>3<\/td><td>24<\/td><td>25.2<\/td><td>24<\/td><td>21.9<\/td><td>23<\/td><td>22<\/td><td>20<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u039c8<\/td><td>24.2<\/td><td>23<\/td><td>21<\/td><td>22<\/td><td>21<\/td><td>19.1<\/td><td>20.1<\/td><td>19.2<\/td><td>17.5<\/td><\/tr><tr><td rowspan=\"4\">800<\/td><td rowspan=\"4\">QU70<\/td><td>\u039c1~\u039c3<\/td><td>43.7<\/td><td>41.7<\/td><td>38.1<\/td><td>39.8<\/td><td>38<\/td><td>34.7<\/td><td>36.4<\/td><td>34.8<\/td><td>31.8<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>M4, M5<\/td><td>36.4<\/td><td>34.8<\/td><td>31.8<\/td><td>33.2<\/td><td>31.7<\/td><td>29<\/td><td>30.4<\/td><td>29<\/td><td>26.6<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>M6, M7<\/td><td>31.2<\/td><td>29.8<\/td><td>27.2<\/td><td>28.4<\/td><td>27.2<\/td><td>24.8<\/td><td>26<\/td><td>24.9<\/td><td>22.7<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u039c8<\/td><td>27.3<\/td><td>26.1<\/td><td>23.8<\/td><td>24.9<\/td><td>23.8<\/td><td>21.7<\/td><td>22.8<\/td><td>21.8<\/td><td>19.8<\/td><\/tr><tr><td rowspan=\"4\">900<\/td><td rowspan=\"4\">QU80<\/td><td>\u039c1~\u039c3<\/td><td>50.5<\/td><td>48.1<\/td><td>44<\/td><td>46<\/td><td>43.7<\/td><td>40<\/td><td>42.2<\/td><td>40.2<\/td><td>36.8<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>M4, M5<\/td><td>42.4<\/td><td>40.2<\/td><td>36.8<\/td><td>38.4<\/td><td>36.5<\/td><td>33.4<\/td><td>35.2<\/td><td>33.6<\/td><td>30.7<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>M6, M7<\/td><td>36.1<\/td><td>34.4<\/td><td>31.5<\/td><td>32.9<\/td><td>31.2<\/td><td>28.6<\/td><td>30.2<\/td><td>28.8<\/td><td>26.3<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u039c8<\/td><td>31.6<\/td><td>30.1<\/td><td>27.5<\/td><td>28.8<\/td><td>27.3<\/td><td>25<\/td><td>26.4<\/td><td>25.1<\/td><td>23<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">\u03a0\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ad\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03c0\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03af\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03ce\u03bd \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5\u03c4 \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03ce\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd \u03bf\u03c7\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u03a0\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ad\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03c0\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03af\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03ce\u03bd \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5\u03c4 \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03bb\u03b5\u03ca:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td rowspan=\"4\">\u0394\u03b9\u03ac\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03bf\u03cd\/mm<\/td><td rowspan=\"4\">\u039c\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03bf \u03c1\u03ac\u03b3\u03b1\u03c2<\/td><td rowspan=\"4\">\u0395\u03c0\u03af\u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2<\/td><td colspan=\"8\">\u03a4\u03b1\u03c7\u03cd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2\/(m\/min)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"8\">\u0395\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2\/\u0391\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2<\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"2\">&lt;60<\/td><td colspan=\"2\">60~90<\/td><td colspan=\"2\">&gt;90~180<\/td><td colspan=\"2\">&gt;180<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u22651,6<\/td><td>0.9<\/td><td>\u22651,6<\/td><td>0.9<\/td><td>\u22651,6<\/td><td>0.9<\/td><td>\u22651,6<\/td><td>0.9<\/td><\/tr><tr><td rowspan=\"4\">250<\/td><td rowspan=\"4\">P11<\/td><td>\u039c1~\u039c3<\/td><td>3.3<\/td><td>3.09<\/td><td>2.91<\/td><td>2.81<\/td><td>2.67<\/td><td>2.58<\/td><td>2.46<\/td><td>2.34<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>M4, M5<\/td><td>2.67<\/td><td>2.58<\/td><td>2.43<\/td><td>2.34<\/td><td>2.23<\/td><td>2.15<\/td><td>2.5<\/td><td>1.98<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>M6, M7<\/td><td>2.38<\/td><td>2.51<\/td><td>2.08<\/td><td>2.01<\/td><td>1.91<\/td><td>1.84<\/td><td>1.76<\/td><td>1.7<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u039c8<\/td><td>2<\/td><td>1.93<\/td><td>1.82<\/td><td>1.76<\/td><td>1.67<\/td><td>1.61<\/td><td>1.54<\/td><td>1.48<\/td><\/tr><tr><td rowspan=\"8\">350<\/td><td rowspan=\"4\">\u03a118<\/td><td>\u039c1~\u039c3<\/td><td>4.18<\/td><td>4.03<\/td><td>3.8<\/td><td>3.66<\/td><td>3.49<\/td><td>3.36<\/td><td>3.22<\/td><td>3.1<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>M4, M5<\/td><td>3.49<\/td><td>3.36<\/td><td>3.17<\/td><td>3.06<\/td><td>2.91<\/td><td>2.8<\/td><td>2.68<\/td><td>2.59<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>M6, M7<\/td><td>2.99<\/td><td>2.88<\/td><td>2.72<\/td><td>2.62<\/td><td>2.5<\/td><td>2.4<\/td><td>3.2<\/td><td>2.22<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u039c8<\/td><td>2.61<\/td><td>2.52<\/td><td>2.38<\/td><td>2.29<\/td><td>2.18<\/td><td>2.1<\/td><td>2.01<\/td><td>1.94<\/td><\/tr><tr><td rowspan=\"4\">\u03a124<\/td><td>\u039c1~\u039c3<\/td><td>14.1<\/td><td>13.5<\/td><td>12.8<\/td><td>12.3<\/td><td>11.8<\/td><td>11.3<\/td><td>10.9<\/td><td>10.4<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>M4, M5<\/td><td>11.8<\/td><td>11.3<\/td><td>10.7<\/td><td>10.3<\/td><td>9.85<\/td><td>9.45<\/td><td>9.1<\/td><td>8.7<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>M6, M7<\/td><td>10.1<\/td><td>9.65<\/td><td>9.15<\/td><td>8.8<\/td><td>8.45<\/td><td>8.1<\/td><td>7.8<\/td><td>7.45<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u039c8<\/td><td>8.8<\/td><td>8.45<\/td><td>8<\/td><td>7.7<\/td><td>7.4<\/td><td>7.06<\/td><td>6.8<\/td><td>6.5<\/td><\/tr><tr><td rowspan=\"4\">400<\/td><td rowspan=\"4\">\u03a138<\/td><td>\u039c1~\u039c3<\/td><td>16<\/td><td>15.4<\/td><td>14.6<\/td><td>14<\/td><td>13.4<\/td><td>12.8<\/td><td>12.3<\/td><td>11.85<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>M4, M5<\/td><td>13.4<\/td><td>15.8<\/td><td>12.2<\/td><td>11.7<\/td><td>11.2<\/td><td>10.7<\/td><td>10.3<\/td><td>9.9<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>M6, M7<\/td><td>11.4<\/td><td>11<\/td><td>10.4<\/td><td>10<\/td><td>9.6<\/td><td>9.15<\/td><td>8.8<\/td><td>8.5<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u039c8<\/td><td>10<\/td><td>9.6<\/td><td>9.15<\/td><td>8.75<\/td><td>8.4<\/td><td>8<\/td><td>7.7<\/td><td>7.4<\/td><\/tr><tr><td rowspan=\"4\">500<\/td><td rowspan=\"4\">\u03a143<\/td><td>\u039c1~\u039c3<\/td><td>19.8<\/td><td>19.1<\/td><td>18<\/td><td>17.4<\/td><td>16.5<\/td><td>15.9<\/td><td>15.2<\/td><td>14.7<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>M4, M5<\/td><td>16.5<\/td><td>15.9<\/td><td>15<\/td><td>14.5<\/td><td>13.8<\/td><td>13.3<\/td><td>12.7<\/td><td>12.25<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>M6, M7<\/td><td>14.15<\/td><td>13.7<\/td><td>12.9<\/td><td>12.45<\/td><td>11.8<\/td><td>11.4<\/td><td>10.9<\/td><td>10.5<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u039c8<\/td><td>12.4<\/td><td>11.9<\/td><td>11.25<\/td><td>10.9<\/td><td>10.3<\/td><td>9.95<\/td><td>9.5<\/td><td>9.2<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">\u03a0\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ad\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03c0\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03af\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03ce\u03bd \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5\u03c4 \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03bb\u03b5\u03ca<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><em>\u03a3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7: \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03b7 \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03cd\u03bc\u03c6\u03c9\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03bf\u03cd: ZG310-570, HB320. \u0395\u03ac\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf \u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03bf\u03cd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 ZG50MnMo, \u03bf \u03ac\u03be\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03bf\u03cd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 45, HB = 228 ~ 255, \u03b7 \u03bc\u03ad\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03c0\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c0\u03af\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03bf\u03cd \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c5\u03be\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac 20%.&nbsp;<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Q \u2013 \u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03cd\u03c8\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd\u00b7&nbsp;<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>G \u2014 \u03bd\u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u03cc \u03b2\u03ac\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u039f \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03c4\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b3\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2, \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b3\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd. \u039c\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03ae \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03c4\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03ce\u03bd, \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03bf \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b3\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bb\u03b1 \u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03ae\u03c2, \u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ad\u03c4\u03c3\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03be\u03bf\u03c0\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd. \u03a3\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac, \u03bf \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 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\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03be\u03bf\u03c0\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd, \u03b5\u03c0\u03b7\u03c1\u03b5\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u03a0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c9\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7: \u039f\u03b9 \u03b6\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b8\u03ad\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03be\u03ad\u03bb\u03b8\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03c4\u03af\u03bf\u03c5, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03b3\u03ba\u03b7 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c9\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7, \u03b1\u03c5\u03be\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf \u03ba\u03cc\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>6. \u0395\u03c0\u03b9\u03c0\u03c4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>\u0396\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03ac \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03cd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2: \u03a4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03ce\u03bd \u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bf\u03b4\u03b7\u03b3\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b7 \u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2, \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c9\u03c1\u03b7 \u03c6\u03b8\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac \u03ae \u03b6\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03ac \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b1, \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03c9\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1 \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1, \u03b5\u03c0\u03b7\u03c1\u03b5\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ad\u03c4\u03c3\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0396\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03ac \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03cd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd: \u0397 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\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b5\u03af \u03c3\u03c5\u03c7\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03b9\u03ac\u03c2.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"preventive-measures\">\u03a0\u03c1\u03bf\u03bb\u03b7\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bc\u03ad\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1:<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>\u0391\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2: \u0392\u03b5\u03b2\u03b1\u03b9\u03c9\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b6\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bb\u03ac\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5, \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bb\u03ad\u03be\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03cc\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03bc\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03be\u03ac\u03b3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bb\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b8\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u03a4\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b8\u03b5\u03ce\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7: 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