{"id":8518,"date":"2025-06-25T08:55:52","date_gmt":"2025-06-25T08:55:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.kscranegroup.com\/?post_type=posts&#038;p=8518"},"modified":"2025-06-25T08:55:55","modified_gmt":"2025-06-25T08:55:55","slug":"reliable-crane-wheel-load-calculation","status":"publish","type":"posts","link":"https:\/\/www.kscranegroup.com\/fa\/posts\/reliable-crane-wheel-load-calculation\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0647 \u0647\u0648\u0634\u0645\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0686\u0631\u062e \u062c\u0631\u062b\u0642\u06cc\u0644: \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0627\u06cc\u0645\u0646\u06cc\u060c \u0627\u0641\u0632\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06a9\u0631\u062f \u0648 \u06a9\u0633\u0628 \u0622\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0634 \u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wp-block-rank-math-toc-block\" id=\"rank-math-toc\"><p>\u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u062a \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628<\/p><nav><ul><li><a href=\"#calculation-of-crane-wheel-load-calculation\">\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0686\u0631\u062e \u062c\u0631\u062b\u0642\u06cc\u0644\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#crane-wheel-selection-and-verification\">\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628 \u0648 \u062a\u0623\u06cc\u06cc\u062f \u0686\u0631\u062e \u062c\u0631\u062b\u0642\u06cc\u0644\u00a0<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#1-determination-of-fatigue-calculation-load-of-wheels\">\u06f1. \u062a\u0639\u06cc\u06cc\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0647 \u062e\u0633\u062a\u06af\u06cc \u0686\u0631\u062e\u200c\u0647\u0627:\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#2-wheel-tread-contact-strength-calculation\">\u06f2. \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0647\u200c\u06cc \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0633 \u0622\u062c \u0686\u0631\u062e:<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#2-1-allowable-wheel-pressure-for-line-contact\">\u06f2.\u06f1 \u0641\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0686\u0631\u062e \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0627 \u062e\u0637:<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#2-2-allowable-wheel-pressure-for-point-contact\">\u06f2.\u06f2 \u0641\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0686\u0631\u062e \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0633 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#hidden-dangers-of-crane-wheels-not-meeting-the-standard\">\u062e\u0637\u0631\u0627\u062a \u067e\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0646 \u0686\u0631\u062e\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u0631\u062b\u0642\u06cc\u0644 \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0646\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#preventive-measures\">\u0627\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0647:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0686\u0631\u062e \u062c\u0631\u062b\u0642\u06cc\u0644 \u06af\u0627\u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u062f\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0641\u0631\u0622\u06cc\u0646\u062f \u0637\u0631\u0627\u062d\u06cc \u0648 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628 \u062c\u0631\u062b\u0642\u06cc\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0647 \u062a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645 \u0628\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0645\u0646\u06cc \u0648 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u06cc\u062a \u0627\u0637\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u062c\u0631\u062b\u0642\u06cc\u0644 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06af\u0630\u0627\u0631\u062f\u060c \u0628\u0644\u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u0641\u06cc\u062f \u062a\u062c\u0647\u06cc\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0648 \u0647\u0632\u06cc\u0646\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u06af\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f. \u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0686\u0631\u062e \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u062b\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0631\u06a9\u06cc\u0628\u06cc \u0648\u0632\u0646 \u062e\u0648\u062f \u062c\u0631\u062b\u0642\u06cc\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u0647\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u06cc\u0646\u0627\u0645\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0648 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u06cc\u0637\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f. \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0646\u060c \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0641\u0631\u0645 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u062c\u0631\u062b\u0642\u06cc\u0644\u060c \u0634\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0637 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0648 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06cc\u0627\u062a\u06cc \u0648 \u0633\u0627\u06cc\u0631 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u06af\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0634\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u0627\u0637\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0634\u0648\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0686\u0631\u062e\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0634\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0637 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0628\u0647 \u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0645\u0646 \u0648 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" height=\"715\" src=\"https:\/\/www.kscranegroup.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Crane-Wheel-Load-Calculation.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-8530\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"calculation-of-crane-wheel-load-calculation\">\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0686\u0631\u062e \u062c\u0631\u062b\u0642\u06cc\u0644&nbsp;<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0628\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0686\u0631\u062e\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u0631\u062b\u0642\u06cc\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0647\u06cc\u0686 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u06cc \u0628\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0631\u06a9 \u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0632\u0645 \u062d\u0631\u06a9\u062a\u06cc \u0646\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0648 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0622\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0637 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u06cc \u062c\u0631\u062b\u0642\u06cc\u0644 \u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0633\u062a \u0622\u0648\u0631\u062f. \u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0686\u0631\u062e \u062c\u0631\u062b\u0642\u06cc\u0644 \u0633\u0642\u0641\u06cc \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062d\u062f\u0627\u06a9\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0686\u0631\u062e \u0648 \u062d\u062f\u0627\u0642\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0686\u0631\u062e \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u062d\u062f\u0627\u06a9\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0686\u0631\u062e \u062c\u0631\u062b\u0642\u06cc\u0644 \u0633\u0642\u0641\u06cc\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0686\u0631\u062e \u0686\u0631\u062e \u0628\u0632\u0631\u06af \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u06af\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0642\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064b \u067e\u0631 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0646\u0632\u062f\u06cc\u06a9 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u06cc\u062a \u062d\u062f \u062a\u06cc\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0648 \u062d\u062f\u0627\u0642\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0686\u0631\u062e\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0686\u0631\u062e \u0686\u0631\u062e \u0628\u0632\u0631\u06af \u06cc\u06a9 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u06af\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0642\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0648\u0633\u0637 \u062f\u0647\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u062a\u062e\u0644\u06cc\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062d\u062f\u0627\u06a9\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0686\u0631\u062e (\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644) = (G-G1)\/n + (Q+G1)*(L-L1)\/n*L&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062d\u062f\u0627\u0642\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0686\u0631\u062e (\u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0631) = (G-G1)\/n + G1*L1\/n*L&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>G = \u0648\u0632\u0646 \u06a9\u0644 \u062c\u0631\u062b\u0642\u06cc\u0644 (\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0686\u0631\u062e \u062f\u0633\u062a\u06cc) (T)&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>G1 = \u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u06af\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0642\u06cc (T)&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Q = \u0638\u0631\u0641\u06cc\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0631\u06cc \u0646\u0627\u0645\u06cc (T)&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>L = \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u062f\u0647\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0631 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u062a\u0631&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>n = \u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0686\u0631\u062e\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u0631\u062b\u0642\u06cc\u0644&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>L1 = \u062d\u062f\u0627\u0642\u0644 \u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0647 (\u0628\u0631\u062d\u0633\u0628 T) \u0627\u0632 \u062e\u0637 \u0645\u0631\u06a9\u0632\u06cc \u0642\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u062a\u0627 \u062e\u0637 \u0645\u0631\u06a9\u0632\u06cc \u062a\u06cc\u0631\u06a9 \u062d\u062f\u0627\u0642\u0644 \u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u062e\u0637 \u0645\u0631\u06a9\u0632\u06cc \u0642\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u062a\u0627 \u062e\u0637 \u0645\u0631\u06a9\u0632\u06cc \u062a\u06cc\u0631\u06a9 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc (\u0645\u062a\u0631)&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"crane-wheel-selection-and-verification\">\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628 \u0648 \u062a\u0623\u06cc\u06cc\u062f \u0686\u0631\u062e \u062c\u0631\u062b\u0642\u06cc\u0644&nbsp;<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0646\u062d\u0648\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628 \u0686\u0631\u062e\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0631 \u062c\u0631\u062b\u0642\u06cc\u0644 \u0648 \u0646\u062d\u0648\u0647 \u062a\u0623\u06cc\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u06a9\u0647 \u0622\u06cc\u0627 \u0686\u0631\u062e\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u062d\u0645\u0644 \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f \u06cc\u0627 \u062e\u06cc\u0631&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"1-determination-of-fatigue-calculation-load-of-wheels\">\u06f1. \u062a\u0639\u06cc\u06cc\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0647 \u062e\u0633\u062a\u06af\u06cc \u0686\u0631\u062e\u200c\u0647\u0627:&nbsp;<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0631 \u062e\u0633\u062a\u06af\u06cc \u0686\u0631\u062e\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u062d\u062f\u0627\u06a9\u062b\u0631 \u0648 \u062d\u062f\u0627\u0642\u0644 \u0641\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0686\u0631\u062e \u062c\u0631\u062b\u0642\u06cc\u0644 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u06cc\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0648 \u0641\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0647 PC \u0628\u0647 \u0634\u0631\u062d \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"230\" height=\"62\" src=\"https:\/\/www.kscranegroup.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/1Determination-of-fatigue-calculation-load-of-wheels.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-8519\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>PC - \u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0647 \u062e\u0633\u062a\u06af\u06cc \u0686\u0631\u062e (\u0646\u06cc\u0648\u062a\u0646)\u061b&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u067e<sub>\u062d\u062f\u0627\u06a9\u062b\u0631<\/sub> \u2014 \u062d\u062f\u0627\u06a9\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0686\u0631\u062e (\u0646\u06cc\u0648\u062a\u0646) \u0647\u0646\u06af\u0627\u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u062c\u0631\u062b\u0642\u06cc\u0644 \u0628\u0647 \u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f\u061b&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u067e<sub>\u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u0647<\/sub> \u2014 \u062d\u062f\u0627\u0642\u0644 \u0641\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0686\u0631\u062e (\u0646\u06cc\u0648\u062a\u0646) \u0647\u0646\u06af\u0627\u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u062c\u0631\u062b\u0642\u06cc\u0644 \u0628\u0647 \u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f\u061b&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062f\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u06cc\u06cc\u0646 P<sub>\u062d\u062f\u0627\u06a9\u062b\u0631<\/sub> \u0648 \u067e<sub>\u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u0647<\/sub>\u0636\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u06cc\u0646\u0627\u0645\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0648 \u0636\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0628 \u0636\u0631\u0628\u0647 \u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0632\u0645\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0631 \u0648 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06cc\u0627\u062a\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0627 \u06f1 \u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u06af\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u0631\u062b\u0642\u06cc\u0644 \u0633\u0642\u0641\u06cc\u060c \u0647\u0646\u06af\u0627\u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u062c\u0631\u062b\u0642\u06cc\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u06af\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0642\u06cc \u0628\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0627\u0645\u06cc \u062e\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u062d\u062f \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0637\u0631\u0641 \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u060c \u0641\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0686\u0631\u062e \u0628\u0632\u0631\u06af \u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0632\u062f\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0633\u0645\u062a \u0648\u0627\u06af\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0642\u06cc P \u0627\u0633\u062a.<sub>\u062d\u062f\u0627\u06a9\u062b\u0631<\/sub>\u0641\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0632\u06cc\u0627\u062f \u0686\u0631\u062e \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0645\u062a \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0648 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0632 \u0633\u0645\u062a \u0648\u0627\u06af\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0642\u06cc\u060c P \u0627\u0633\u062a.<sub>\u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u0647<\/sub>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u0631\u062b\u0642\u06cc\u0644 \u0633\u0642\u0641\u06cc\u060c \u0647\u0646\u06af\u0627\u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0627\u0645\u06cc \u062c\u0631\u062b\u0642\u06cc\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u06af\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0642\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u06cc\u062a \u062d\u062f \u06cc\u06a9 \u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0631\u0633\u062f\u060c \u0641\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0686\u0631\u062e \u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0632\u062f\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0633\u0645\u062a \u0648\u0627\u06af\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0642\u06cc P \u0627\u0633\u062a.<sub>\u062d\u062f\u0627\u06a9\u062b\u0631<\/sub>\u0641\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0686\u0631\u062e \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0632 \u06a9\u0646\u0627\u0631 \u0686\u0631\u062e \u062f\u0633\u062a\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0627 P \u0627\u0633\u062a.<sub>\u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u0647<\/sub>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u0631\u062b\u0642\u06cc\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0632\u0648\u06cc\u06cc\u060c \u0641\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0686\u0631\u062e \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0628\u0648\u0645 \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u062f\u0627\u06a9\u062b\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0631 \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644 P \u0627\u0633\u062a.<sub>\u062d\u062f\u0627\u06a9\u062b\u0631<\/sub>\u0648 \u0641\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0686\u0631\u062e \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0628\u0648\u0645 \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u062f\u0627\u0642\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u06cc\u200c\u0628\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u060c P \u0627\u0633\u062a.<sub>\u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u0647<\/sub>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"2-wheel-tread-contact-strength-calculation\">\u06f2. \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0647\u200c\u06cc \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0633 \u0622\u062c \u0686\u0631\u062e:<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"2-1-allowable-wheel-pressure-for-line-contact\">\u06f2.\u06f1 \u0641\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0686\u0631\u062e \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0627 \u062e\u0637:<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u067e<sub>\u062c<\/sub>\u2264K<sub>1<\/sub>\u00d7D\u00d7L\u00d7C<sub>1<\/sub>\u00d7\u0633\u06cc<sub>2<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>\u067e<sub>\u0633\u06cc<\/sub> \u2014- \u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0647 \u062e\u0633\u062a\u06af\u06cc \u0686\u0631\u062e (\u0646\u06cc\u0648\u062a\u0646)\u061b&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u06a9<sub>1<\/sub> \u2014\u2013 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a \u062a\u0646\u0634 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0633 \u062e\u0637\u06cc \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0632 (N\/mm2) \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0647\u060c \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 1 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u061b&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0686\u0631\u062e D \u2014\u2013 (\u0645\u06cc\u0644\u06cc\u200c\u0645\u062a\u0631)\u061b&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>L\u2014\u2014 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0686\u0631\u062e \u0648 \u0631\u06cc\u0644\u061b&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0633\u06cc<sub>1<\/sub>\u2014\u2013 \u0636\u0631\u06cc\u0628 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u06f2 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u061b&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0633\u06cc<sub>2<\/sub>\u2014\u2013 \u0636\u0631\u06cc\u0628 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u06f3 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u061b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1678\" src=\"https:\/\/www.kscranegroup.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/2Allowable-wheel-pressure-for-line-contact-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-8522\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.kscranegroup.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/2Allowable-wheel-pressure-for-line-contact-scaled.jpg 2560w, https:\/\/www.kscranegroup.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/2Allowable-wheel-pressure-for-line-contact-1536x1007.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.kscranegroup.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/2Allowable-wheel-pressure-for-line-contact-2048x1342.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0636\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0628 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0647 (\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 1):<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><thead><tr><th>\u0633\u06cc\u06af\u0645\u0627<sub>\u0628<\/sub><\/th><th>\u06a9<sub>1<\/sub><\/th><th>\u06a9<sub>2<\/sub><\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>500<\/td><td>3.8<\/td><td>0.053<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>600<\/td><td>5.6<\/td><td>0.1<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>650<\/td><td>6.0<\/td><td>0.132<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>700<\/td><td>6.8<\/td><td>0.181<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>800<\/td><td>7.2<\/td><td>0.245<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0636\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0628 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0633 \u0622\u062c \u0686\u0631\u062e \u06f1<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><em>\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a:<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>1. \u03c3<\/em><em><sub>\u0628 <\/sub><\/em><em>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062d\u06a9\u0627\u0645 \u06a9\u0634\u0634\u06cc \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0647 (N\/mm<\/em><em><sup>2<\/sup><\/em><em>);<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>\u06f2. \u0686\u0631\u062e\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062f\u06cc \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06cc\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u062a\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f\u060c \u0633\u062e\u062a\u06cc \u0622\u062c \u062a\u0648\u0635\u06cc\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f HB=300~380 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f \u0648 \u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0644\u0627\u06cc\u0647 \u06a9\u0648\u0626\u0646\u0686 \u06f1\u06f5 \u0645\u06cc\u0644\u06cc\u200c\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u062a\u0627 \u06f2\u06f0 \u0645\u06cc\u0644\u06cc\u200c\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f. \u062f\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u06cc\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0632\u060c \u03c3<\/em><em><sub>\u0628<\/sub><\/em><em> \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u06af\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06cc\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u062a\u06cc \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u06af\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f\u061b<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>3. \u0647\u0646\u06af\u0627\u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0686\u0631\u062e \u0627\u0632 \u0622\u0647\u0646 \u0634\u06a9\u0644 \u067e\u0630\u06cc\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f. \u03c3<sub>\u0628<\/sub>.\u2265500N\/mm<sup>2<\/sup> \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f\u060c K<sub>1<\/sub>, <em>\u06a9<sub>2<\/sub><\/em> \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u03c3 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f<sub>\u0628<\/sub>.=500 \u0646\u06cc\u0648\u062a\u0646 \u0628\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u0644\u06cc \u0645\u062a\u0631<sup>2<\/sup>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0636\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0628 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0647 (\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u06f2):<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td>\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u0647&nbsp;<\/td><td rowspan=\"2\">\u0633\u06cc<sub>1<\/sub><\/td><td>\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u0647<\/td><td rowspan=\"2\">\u0633\u06cc<sub>1<\/sub><\/td><td>\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u0647<\/td><td rowspan=\"2\">\u0633\u06cc<sub>1<\/sub><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u0647<sup>-1<\/sup><\/td><td>\u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u0647<sup>-1<\/sup><\/td><td>\u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u0647<sup>-1<\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>200<\/td><td>0.66<\/td><td>50<\/td><td>0.94<\/td><td>16<\/td><td>1.09<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>160<\/td><td>0.72<\/td><td>45<\/td><td>0.96<\/td><td>14<\/td><td>1.1<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>125<\/td><td>0.77<\/td><td>40<\/td><td>0.97<\/td><td>12.5<\/td><td>1.11<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>112<\/td><td>0.79<\/td><td>35.5<\/td><td>0.99<\/td><td>11.2<\/td><td>1.12<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>100<\/td><td>0.82<\/td><td>31.5<\/td><td>1.00<\/td><td>10<\/td><td>1.13<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>90<\/td><td>0.84<\/td><td>28<\/td><td>1.02<\/td><td>8<\/td><td>1.14<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>80<\/td><td>0.87<\/td><td>25<\/td><td>1.03<\/td><td>6.3<\/td><td>1.15<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>71<\/td><td>0.89<\/td><td>22.4<\/td><td>1.04<\/td><td>5.6<\/td><td>1.16<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>63<\/td><td>0.91<\/td><td>20<\/td><td>1.06<\/td><td>5<\/td><td>1.17<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>56<\/td><td>0.92<\/td><td>18<\/td><td>1.07<\/td><td>&nbsp;<\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0636\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0628 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0633 \u0622\u062c \u0686\u0631\u062e \u06f2<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0636\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0628 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0647 (\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u06f3):<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><thead><tr><th>\u0633\u0637\u062d \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0633\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644<\/th><th>\u0633\u06cc<sub>2<\/sub><\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>M1 ~ M3<\/td><td>1.25<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>M4<\/td><td>1.12<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>M5<\/td><td>1.00<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>M6<\/td><td>0.9<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>M7\u060c M8<\/td><td>0.8<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0636\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0628 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0633 \u0622\u062c \u0686\u0631\u062e \u06f3<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"2-2-allowable-wheel-pressure-for-point-contact\">\u06f2.\u06f2 \u0641\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0686\u0631\u062e \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0633 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc:<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"219\" height=\"62\" src=\"https:\/\/www.kscranegroup.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/3Allowable-wheel-pressure-for-point-contact.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-8526\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>\u067e<sub>\u0633\u06cc <\/sub>\u2014- \u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0647 \u062e\u0633\u062a\u06af\u06cc \u0686\u0631\u062e (\u0646\u06cc\u0648\u062a\u0646)\u061b&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u06a9<sub>2 <\/sub>\u2014\u2013 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a \u062a\u0646\u0634 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0633 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0647 (N\/mm2)\u060c \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 1 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u061b&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>R \u2014\u2013 \u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0646\u062d\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0646\u062d\u0646\u0627\u06cc \u0686\u0631\u062e \u0648 \u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0646\u062d\u0646\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0633\u06cc\u0631 \u0628\u0627 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0632\u0631\u06af\u062a\u0631 (\u0645\u06cc\u0644\u06cc\u200c\u0645\u062a\u0631) \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0628\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062f.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>M \u2014\u2014 \u0628\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0645\u0633\u06cc\u0631 \u0648 \u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0646\u062d\u0646\u0627\u06cc \u0686\u0631\u062e \u0646\u0633\u0628\u062a (r\/R)\u060c \u0637\u0628\u0642 \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 4 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628 \u0634\u062f\u0647\u061b&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0633\u06cc<sub>1 <\/sub>\u2014\u2013 \u0636\u0631\u06cc\u0628 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u06f3 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u061b&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0633\u06cc<sub>2 <\/sub>\u2014\u2013 \u0636\u0631\u06cc\u0628 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u06f4 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u061b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0636\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0628 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0647 (\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u06f4):<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td>\u062a\u062d\u0642\u06cc\u0642\/\u0631<\/td><td>1.0<\/td><td>0.9<\/td><td>0.8<\/td><td>0.7<\/td><td>0.6<\/td><td>0.5<\/td><td>0.4<\/td><td>0.3<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0645\u062a\u0631<\/td><td>0.388<\/td><td>0.400<\/td><td>0.420<\/td><td>0.440<\/td><td>0.468<\/td><td>0.490<\/td><td>0.536<\/td><td>0.600<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0636\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0628 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0633 \u0622\u062c \u0686\u0631\u062e \u06f4<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><em>\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a:<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>\u06f1. \u0645\u0642\u0627\u062f\u06cc\u0631 m \u0628\u0627 \u062f\u0631\u0648\u0646\u200c\u06cc\u0627\u0628\u06cc \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f \u0648\u0642\u062a\u06cc r\/R \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f\u061b<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>2. r \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u06a9\u0648\u0686\u06a9 \u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0646\u062d\u0646\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u0637\u062d \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0623\u06cc\u06cc\u062f \u0635\u062d\u062a \u0686\u0631\u062e\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u0642\u0637\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0639\u06cc\u06cc\u0646\u200c\u0634\u062f\u0647\u060c \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u06cc\u06cc\u0646 \u062d\u062f\u0627\u06a9\u062b\u0631 \u0638\u0631\u0641\u06cc\u062a \u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0686\u0631\u062e\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u0645\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0648\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f (\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0686\u0631\u062e\u200c\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0686\u0631\u062e\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0633\u06cc\u0631 \u0648 \u063a\u06cc\u0631\u0647) \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u06af\u06cc\u0631\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u062d\u062f\u0627\u06a9\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0686\u0631\u062e \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647 \u0686\u0631\u062e\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0648\u0633\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0646\u0642\u0644\u06cc\u0647 \u0628\u0632\u0631\u06af:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td rowspan=\"4\">\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0686\u0631\u062e\/\u0645\u06cc\u0644\u06cc\u200c\u0645\u062a\u0631<\/td><td rowspan=\"4\">\u0645\u062f\u0644 \u0631\u06cc\u0644\u06cc<\/td><td rowspan=\"4\">\u0633\u0637\u062d \u06a9\u0627\u0631<\/td><td colspan=\"9\">\u0633\u0631\u0639\u062a \u062f\u0648\u06cc\u062f\u0646\/(\u0645\u062a\u0631\/\u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u0647)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"9\">\u067e\u0631\u0633\u0634 \u0648 \u067e\u0627\u0633\u062e<\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"3\">&lt;60<\/td><td colspan=\"3\">60~90<\/td><td colspan=\"3\">&gt; 90 ~ 180<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>1.1<\/td><td>0.5<\/td><td>0.15<\/td><td>1.1<\/td><td>0.5<\/td><td>0.15<\/td><td>1.1<\/td><td>0.5<\/td><td>0.15<\/td><\/tr><tr><td rowspan=\"8\">500<\/td><td rowspan=\"4\">P38<\/td><td>M1 ~ M3<\/td><td>20.6<\/td><td>19.7<\/td><td>18<\/td><td>18.7<\/td><td>17.9<\/td><td>16.4<\/td><td>17.2<\/td><td>16.4<\/td><td>15<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>M4\u060c M5<\/td><td>17.2<\/td><td>16.4<\/td><td>15<\/td><td>15.6<\/td><td>15<\/td><td>13.7<\/td><td>14.4<\/td><td>13.7<\/td><td>12.5<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>M6\u060c M7<\/td><td>14.7<\/td><td>14.1<\/td><td>12.9<\/td><td>13.4<\/td><td>12.8<\/td><td>11.7<\/td><td>12.3<\/td><td>11.7<\/td><td>10.7<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0627\u0645\u06f8<\/td><td>12.9<\/td><td>12.3<\/td><td>11.3<\/td><td>11.7<\/td><td>11.2<\/td><td>10.3<\/td><td>10.7<\/td><td>10.3<\/td><td>9.4<\/td><\/tr><tr><td rowspan=\"4\">QU70<\/td><td>M1 ~ M3<\/td><td>26<\/td><td>24.3<\/td><td>22.7<\/td><td>23.6<\/td><td>22.6<\/td><td>20.6<\/td><td>21.7<\/td><td>20.7<\/td><td>19<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>M4\u060c M5<\/td><td>21.7<\/td><td>20.7<\/td><td>19<\/td><td>19.7<\/td><td>18.9<\/td><td>17.2<\/td><td>18.1<\/td><td>17.3<\/td><td>15.9<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>M6\u060c M7<\/td><td>18.6<\/td><td>17.7<\/td><td>16.2<\/td><td>16.9<\/td><td>16.2<\/td><td>14.7<\/td><td>15.5<\/td><td>14.8<\/td><td>13.6<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0627\u0645\u06f8<\/td><td>16.3<\/td><td>15.5<\/td><td>14.2<\/td><td>14.8<\/td><td>14.1<\/td><td>12.9<\/td><td>13.6<\/td><td>12.9<\/td><td>11.6<\/td><\/tr><tr><td rowspan=\"8\">600<\/td><td rowspan=\"4\">P38P43<\/td><td>M1 ~ M3<\/td><td>24.6<\/td><td>23.5<\/td><td>21.5<\/td><td>22.4<\/td><td>21.4<\/td><td>19.5<\/td><td>20.6<\/td><td>19.6<\/td><td>18<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>M4\u060c M5<\/td><td>20.6<\/td><td>19.6<\/td><td>18<\/td><td>19.7<\/td><td>17.8<\/td><td>16.3<\/td><td>17.2<\/td><td>16.4<\/td><td>15<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>M6\u060c M7<\/td><td>17.6<\/td><td>16.8<\/td><td>15.4<\/td><td>16<\/td><td>15.3<\/td><td>14<\/td><td>14.7<\/td><td>14<\/td><td>12.9<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0627\u0645\u06f8<\/td><td>15.4<\/td><td>14.7<\/td><td>13.4<\/td><td>14<\/td><td>13.4<\/td><td>12.2<\/td><td>12.9<\/td><td>12.3<\/td><td>11.3<\/td><\/tr><tr><td rowspan=\"4\">QU70<\/td><td>M1 ~ M3<\/td><td>32<\/td><td>30.5<\/td><td>27.9<\/td><td>29.2<\/td><td>27.8<\/td><td>25.4<\/td><td>26.7<\/td><td>25.5<\/td><td>23.3<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>M4\u060c M5<\/td><td>26.7<\/td><td>25.5<\/td><td>23.3<\/td><td>24.4<\/td><td>23.2<\/td><td>21.2<\/td><td>22.3<\/td><td>21.3<\/td><td>19.4<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>M6\u060c M7<\/td><td>22.9<\/td><td>21.8<\/td><td>19.9<\/td><td>20.9<\/td><td>19.9<\/td><td>18.1<\/td><td>19.1<\/td><td>18.2<\/td><td>16.7<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0627\u0645\u06f8<\/td><td>20<\/td><td>19.1<\/td><td>17.4<\/td><td>18.3<\/td><td>17.4<\/td><td>15.8<\/td><td>16.7<\/td><td>15.9<\/td><td>14.0<\/td><\/tr><tr><td rowspan=\"8\">700<\/td><td rowspan=\"4\">P43<\/td><td>M1 ~ M3<\/td><td>28<\/td><td>26.8<\/td><td>24.5<\/td><td>25.5<\/td><td>24.4<\/td><td>22.3<\/td><td>23.4<\/td><td>22.4<\/td><td>20.4<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>M4\u060c M5<\/td><td>23.4<\/td><td>22.4<\/td><td>20.4<\/td><td>21.3<\/td><td>20.4<\/td><td>18.6<\/td><td>19.5<\/td><td>18.7<\/td><td>17<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>M6\u060c M7<\/td><td>20<\/td><td>19.2<\/td><td>17.5<\/td><td>18.3<\/td><td>17.4<\/td><td>15.9<\/td><td>16.7<\/td><td>16<\/td><td>14.6<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0627\u0645\u06f8<\/td><td>17.5<\/td><td>16.7<\/td><td>15.3<\/td><td>15.9<\/td><td>15.2<\/td><td>13.9<\/td><td>14.6<\/td><td>14<\/td><td>12.7<\/td><\/tr><tr><td rowspan=\"4\">QU70<\/td><td>M1 ~ M3<\/td><td>38.6<\/td><td>36.8<\/td><td>33.6<\/td><td>35.2<\/td><td>33.5<\/td><td>30.6<\/td><td>32.2<\/td><td>30.7<\/td><td>28<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>M4\u060c M5<\/td><td>32.2<\/td><td>30.726<\/td><td>28<\/td><td>29.4<\/td><td>28<\/td><td>25.6<\/td><td>26.9<\/td><td>25.6<\/td><td>23.4<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>M6\u060c M7<\/td><td>27.6<\/td><td>3<\/td><td>24<\/td><td>25.2<\/td><td>24<\/td><td>21.9<\/td><td>23<\/td><td>22<\/td><td>20<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0627\u0645\u06f8<\/td><td>24.2<\/td><td>23<\/td><td>21<\/td><td>22<\/td><td>21<\/td><td>19.1<\/td><td>20.1<\/td><td>19.2<\/td><td>17.5<\/td><\/tr><tr><td rowspan=\"4\">800<\/td><td rowspan=\"4\">QU70<\/td><td>M1 ~ M3<\/td><td>43.7<\/td><td>41.7<\/td><td>38.1<\/td><td>39.8<\/td><td>38<\/td><td>34.7<\/td><td>36.4<\/td><td>34.8<\/td><td>31.8<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>M4\u060c M5<\/td><td>36.4<\/td><td>34.8<\/td><td>31.8<\/td><td>33.2<\/td><td>31.7<\/td><td>29<\/td><td>30.4<\/td><td>29<\/td><td>26.6<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>M6\u060c M7<\/td><td>31.2<\/td><td>29.8<\/td><td>27.2<\/td><td>28.4<\/td><td>27.2<\/td><td>24.8<\/td><td>26<\/td><td>24.9<\/td><td>22.7<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0627\u0645\u06f8<\/td><td>27.3<\/td><td>26.1<\/td><td>23.8<\/td><td>24.9<\/td><td>23.8<\/td><td>21.7<\/td><td>22.8<\/td><td>21.8<\/td><td>19.8<\/td><\/tr><tr><td rowspan=\"4\">900<\/td><td rowspan=\"4\">QU80<\/td><td>M1 ~ M3<\/td><td>50.5<\/td><td>48.1<\/td><td>44<\/td><td>46<\/td><td>43.7<\/td><td>40<\/td><td>42.2<\/td><td>40.2<\/td><td>36.8<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>M4\u060c M5<\/td><td>42.4<\/td><td>40.2<\/td><td>36.8<\/td><td>38.4<\/td><td>36.5<\/td><td>33.4<\/td><td>35.2<\/td><td>33.6<\/td><td>30.7<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>M6\u060c M7<\/td><td>36.1<\/td><td>34.4<\/td><td>31.5<\/td><td>32.9<\/td><td>31.2<\/td><td>28.6<\/td><td>30.2<\/td><td>28.8<\/td><td>26.3<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0627\u0645\u06f8<\/td><td>31.6<\/td><td>30.1<\/td><td>27.5<\/td><td>28.8<\/td><td>27.3<\/td><td>25<\/td><td>26.4<\/td><td>25.1<\/td><td>23<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u062d\u062f\u0627\u06a9\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0686\u0631\u062e \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647 \u0686\u0631\u062e\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0648\u0633\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0646\u0642\u0644\u06cc\u0647 \u0628\u0632\u0631\u06af<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u062d\u062f\u0627\u06a9\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0686\u0631\u062e \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647 \u0686\u0631\u062e\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0631\u0648\u0644\u06cc:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td rowspan=\"4\">\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0686\u0631\u062e\/\u0645\u06cc\u0644\u06cc\u200c\u0645\u062a\u0631<\/td><td rowspan=\"4\">\u0645\u062f\u0644 \u0631\u06cc\u0644\u06cc<\/td><td rowspan=\"4\">\u0633\u0637\u062d \u06a9\u0627\u0631<\/td><td colspan=\"8\">\u0633\u0631\u0639\u062a \u062f\u0648\u06cc\u062f\u0646\/(\u0645\u062a\u0631\/\u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u0647)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"8\">\u067e\u0631\u0633\u0634 \u0648 \u067e\u0627\u0633\u062e<\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"2\">&lt;60<\/td><td colspan=\"2\">60~90<\/td><td colspan=\"2\">&gt; 90 ~ 180<\/td><td colspan=\"2\">&gt; \u06f1\u06f8\u06f0<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u06f1.\u06f6\u2265<\/td><td>0.9<\/td><td>\u06f1.\u06f6\u2265<\/td><td>0.9<\/td><td>\u06f1.\u06f6\u2265<\/td><td>0.9<\/td><td>\u06f1.\u06f6\u2265<\/td><td>0.9<\/td><\/tr><tr><td rowspan=\"4\">250<\/td><td rowspan=\"4\">\u067e\u06cc\u06f1\u06f1<\/td><td>M1 ~ M3<\/td><td>3.3<\/td><td>3.09<\/td><td>2.91<\/td><td>2.81<\/td><td>2.67<\/td><td>2.58<\/td><td>2.46<\/td><td>2.34<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>M4\u060c M5<\/td><td>2.67<\/td><td>2.58<\/td><td>2.43<\/td><td>2.34<\/td><td>2.23<\/td><td>2.15<\/td><td>2.5<\/td><td>1.98<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>M6\u060c M7<\/td><td>2.38<\/td><td>2.51<\/td><td>2.08<\/td><td>2.01<\/td><td>1.91<\/td><td>1.84<\/td><td>1.76<\/td><td>1.7<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0627\u0645\u06f8<\/td><td>2<\/td><td>1.93<\/td><td>1.82<\/td><td>1.76<\/td><td>1.67<\/td><td>1.61<\/td><td>1.54<\/td><td>1.48<\/td><\/tr><tr><td rowspan=\"8\">350<\/td><td rowspan=\"4\">P18<\/td><td>M1 ~ M3<\/td><td>4.18<\/td><td>4.03<\/td><td>3.8<\/td><td>3.66<\/td><td>3.49<\/td><td>3.36<\/td><td>3.22<\/td><td>3.1<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>M4\u060c M5<\/td><td>3.49<\/td><td>3.36<\/td><td>3.17<\/td><td>3.06<\/td><td>2.91<\/td><td>2.8<\/td><td>2.68<\/td><td>2.59<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>M6\u060c M7<\/td><td>2.99<\/td><td>2.88<\/td><td>2.72<\/td><td>2.62<\/td><td>2.5<\/td><td>2.4<\/td><td>3.2<\/td><td>2.22<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0627\u0645\u06f8<\/td><td>2.61<\/td><td>2.52<\/td><td>2.38<\/td><td>2.29<\/td><td>2.18<\/td><td>2.1<\/td><td>2.01<\/td><td>1.94<\/td><\/tr><tr><td rowspan=\"4\">P24<\/td><td>M1 ~ M3<\/td><td>14.1<\/td><td>13.5<\/td><td>12.8<\/td><td>12.3<\/td><td>11.8<\/td><td>11.3<\/td><td>10.9<\/td><td>10.4<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>M4\u060c M5<\/td><td>11.8<\/td><td>11.3<\/td><td>10.7<\/td><td>10.3<\/td><td>9.85<\/td><td>9.45<\/td><td>9.1<\/td><td>8.7<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>M6\u060c M7<\/td><td>10.1<\/td><td>9.65<\/td><td>9.15<\/td><td>8.8<\/td><td>8.45<\/td><td>8.1<\/td><td>7.8<\/td><td>7.45<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0627\u0645\u06f8<\/td><td>8.8<\/td><td>8.45<\/td><td>8<\/td><td>7.7<\/td><td>7.4<\/td><td>7.06<\/td><td>6.8<\/td><td>6.5<\/td><\/tr><tr><td rowspan=\"4\">400<\/td><td rowspan=\"4\">P38<\/td><td>M1 ~ M3<\/td><td>16<\/td><td>15.4<\/td><td>14.6<\/td><td>14<\/td><td>13.4<\/td><td>12.8<\/td><td>12.3<\/td><td>11.85<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>M4\u060c M5<\/td><td>13.4<\/td><td>15.8<\/td><td>12.2<\/td><td>11.7<\/td><td>11.2<\/td><td>10.7<\/td><td>10.3<\/td><td>9.9<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>M6\u060c M7<\/td><td>11.4<\/td><td>11<\/td><td>10.4<\/td><td>10<\/td><td>9.6<\/td><td>9.15<\/td><td>8.8<\/td><td>8.5<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0627\u0645\u06f8<\/td><td>10<\/td><td>9.6<\/td><td>9.15<\/td><td>8.75<\/td><td>8.4<\/td><td>8<\/td><td>7.7<\/td><td>7.4<\/td><\/tr><tr><td rowspan=\"4\">500<\/td><td rowspan=\"4\">P43<\/td><td>M1 ~ M3<\/td><td>19.8<\/td><td>19.1<\/td><td>18<\/td><td>17.4<\/td><td>16.5<\/td><td>15.9<\/td><td>15.2<\/td><td>14.7<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>M4\u060c M5<\/td><td>16.5<\/td><td>15.9<\/td><td>15<\/td><td>14.5<\/td><td>13.8<\/td><td>13.3<\/td><td>12.7<\/td><td>12.25<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>M6\u060c M7<\/td><td>14.15<\/td><td>13.7<\/td><td>12.9<\/td><td>12.45<\/td><td>11.8<\/td><td>11.4<\/td><td>10.9<\/td><td>10.5<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0627\u0645\u06f8<\/td><td>12.4<\/td><td>11.9<\/td><td>11.25<\/td><td>10.9<\/td><td>10.3<\/td><td>9.95<\/td><td>9.5<\/td><td>9.2<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u062d\u062f\u0627\u06a9\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0686\u0631\u062e \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647 \u0686\u0631\u062e\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0631\u0648\u0644\u06cc<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><em>\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647: \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u062c\u0646\u0633 \u0686\u0631\u062e \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a: ZG310-570\u060c HB320\u061b \u0627\u06af\u0631 \u062c\u0646\u0633 \u0686\u0631\u062e \u0627\u0632 ZG50MnMo \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0686\u0631\u062e \u0627\u0632 \u06f4\u06f5\u060c HB = 228 ~ 255 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f\u060c \u062d\u062f\u0627\u06a9\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0686\u0631\u062e \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0627 20% \u0627\u0641\u0632\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u061b&nbsp;<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Q - \u0638\u0631\u0641\u06cc\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0631\u06cc \u062c\u0631\u062b\u0642\u06cc\u0644\u061b&nbsp;<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>G \u2014 \u0648\u0632\u0646 \u062e\u0627\u0644\u0635 \u062c\u0631\u062b\u0642\u06cc\u0644.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0686\u0631\u062e \u062c\u0631\u062b\u0642\u06cc\u0644\u060c \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0637\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u06cc\u0645\u0646\u06cc\u060c \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0648 \u062f\u0648\u0627\u0645 \u062c\u0631\u062b\u0642\u06cc\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0628\u0627 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0686\u0631\u062e\u060c \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u0627\u062d\u06cc \u062c\u0631\u062b\u0642\u06cc\u0644 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647\u06cc\u0646\u0647 \u06a9\u0631\u062f \u0648 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0648 \u0641\u0631\u0622\u06cc\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628 \u06a9\u0631\u062f \u0648 \u062f\u0631 \u0646\u062a\u06cc\u062c\u0647 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06a9\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0644\u06cc \u062a\u062c\u0647\u06cc\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647\u0628\u0648\u062f \u0628\u062e\u0634\u06cc\u062f. \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0686\u0631\u062e \u062c\u0631\u062b\u0642\u06cc\u0644 \u06cc\u06a9 \u067e\u0631\u0648\u0698\u0647 \u067e\u06cc\u0686\u06cc\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u062d\u06cc\u0627\u062a\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u0637\u0631\u06cc\u0642 \u062a\u062c\u0632\u06cc\u0647 \u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u0648 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642 \u0645\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"hidden-dangers-of-crane-wheels-not-meeting-the-standard\">\u062e\u0637\u0631\u0627\u062a \u067e\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0646 \u0686\u0631\u062e\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u0631\u062b\u0642\u06cc\u0644 \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0646\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f&nbsp;<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0686\u0631\u062e\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u0631\u062b\u0642\u06cc\u0644 \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0646\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0646\u062f\u060c \u062a\u0623\u062b\u06cc\u0631 \u062c\u062f\u06cc \u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u060c \u0627\u06cc\u0645\u0646\u06cc \u0648 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0637\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0645\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0632 \u062a\u062c\u0647\u06cc\u0632\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u0646\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u062c\u0646\u0628\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0622\u0634\u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f:&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u06f1. \u0627\u0641\u0632\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u062e\u0637\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u06cc\u0645\u0646\u06cc<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>\u0634\u06a9\u0633\u062a\u06af\u06cc \u06cc\u0627 \u062e\u0631\u0627\u0628\u06cc \u0686\u0631\u062e: \u0627\u06af\u0631 \u062c\u0646\u0633 \u0686\u0631\u062e \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0628\u0627 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