{"id":4769,"date":"2023-09-20T07:58:06","date_gmt":"2023-09-20T07:58:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.kscranegroup.com\/?post_type=posts&p=4769"},"modified":"2024-09-09T06:52:28","modified_gmt":"2024-09-09T06:52:28","slug":"understanding-rail-standards-a-comprehensive-guide","status":"publish","type":"posts","link":"https:\/\/www.kscranegroup.com\/ur\/posts\/understanding-rail-standards-a-comprehensive-guide\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0631\u06cc\u0644 \u06a9\u06d2 \u0645\u0639\u06cc\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u06a9\u0648 \u0633\u0645\u062c\u06be\u0646\u0627: \u0627\u06cc\u06a9 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639 \u06af\u0627\u0626\u06cc\u0688"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n
\n\n\u0631\u06cc\u0644 \u0631\u06cc\u0644\u0648\u06d2 \u0679\u0631\u06cc\u06a9 \u06a9\u0627 \u0628\u0646\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u06cc \u062c\u0632\u0648 \u06c1\u06d2\u06d4 \u0627\u0633 \u06a9\u0627 \u06a9\u0627\u0645 \u0631\u0648\u0644\u0646\u06af \u0627\u0633\u0679\u0627\u06a9 \u06a9\u06d2 \u067e\u06c1\u06cc\u0648\u06ba \u06a9\u0648 \u0622\u06af\u06d2 \u06a9\u06cc \u0631\u06c1\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0626\u06cc \u06a9\u0631\u0646\u0627\u060c \u067e\u06c1\u06cc\u0648\u06ba \u06a9\u06d2 \u0628\u06c1\u062a \u0632\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u06c1 \u062f\u0628\u0627\u0624 \u06a9\u0648 \u0628\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a \u06a9\u0631\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u06d2 \u0631\u06cc\u0644 \u0633\u0644\u06cc\u067e\u0631\u0632 \u062a\u06a9 \u067e\u06c1\u0646\u0686\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u06c1\u06d2\u06d4 \u0631\u06cc\u0644 \u06a9\u0648 \u067e\u06c1\u06cc\u0648\u06ba \u06a9\u06d2 \u0644\u06cc\u06d2 \u0627\u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u060c \u06c1\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0648\u0631 \u06a9\u0645 \u0633\u06d2 \u06a9\u0645 \u0645\u0632\u0627\u062d\u0645\u062a\u06cc \u0631\u0648\u0644\u0646\u06af \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0641\u0631\u0627\u06c1\u0645 \u06a9\u0631\u0646\u06cc \u0686\u0627\u06c1\u06cc\u06d2\u06d4 \u0627\u0644\u06cc\u06a9\u0679\u0631\u06cc\u0641\u0627\u0626\u06cc\u0688 \u0631\u06cc\u0644\u0648\u06d2 \u06cc\u0627 \u062e\u0648\u062f\u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0644\u0627\u06a9\u0646\u06af \u0633\u06cc\u06a9\u0634\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba\u060c \u0631\u06cc\u0644 \u06a9\u0648 \u0679\u0631\u06cc\u06a9 \u0633\u0631\u06a9\u0679 \u06a9\u06d2 \u0637\u0648\u0631 \u067e\u0631 \u0628\u06be\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u06cc\u0627 \u062c\u0627 \u0633\u06a9\u062a\u0627 \u06c1\u06d2\u06d4<\/span>\n\n\"\u0633\u0679\u06cc\u0644\n\n\u0631\u06cc\u0644 \u06a9\u0627 \u0645\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0645\u0639\u06cc\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0644\u06a9 \u0633\u06d2 \u062f\u0648\u0633\u0631\u06d2 \u0645\u0644\u06a9 \u0627\u0648\u0631 \u062e\u0637\u06d2 \u06a9\u06d2 \u0644\u062d\u0627\u0638 \u0633\u06d2 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u06c1\u0648\u062a\u0627 \u06c1\u06d2\u060c \u0631\u06cc\u0644 \u06a9\u06d2 \u0645\u0639\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u06a9\u06d2 \u06a9\u0686\u06be \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0644\u06a9 \u0627\u0648\u0631 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u06ba \u06a9\u06d2 \u0628\u0646\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u06cc \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u06a9\u06cc \u06a9\u0686\u06be \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u06cc\u06ba \u062f\u0631\u062c \u0630\u06cc\u0644 \u06c1\u06cc\u06ba:<\/span>\n

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\u0686\u06cc\u0646 (GB\/T \u0645\u0639\u06cc\u0627\u0631\u06cc)<\/span><\/h3>\n\u0686\u06cc\u0646\u06cc \u0631\u06cc\u0644 \u06a9\u06d2 \u0645\u0639\u06cc\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0637\u0648\u0631 \u067e\u0631 \u0686\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627 \u0631\u06cc\u0644\u0648\u06d2 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u067e\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u0634\u0646 (CRCC) \u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0646\u06cc\u0634\u0646\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u0679\u06cc\u0646\u0688\u0631\u0688\u0627\u0626\u0632\u06cc\u0634\u0646 \u0627\u06cc\u0688\u0645\u0646\u0633\u0679\u0631\u06cc\u0634\u0646 \u0622\u0641 \u0686\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627 (NSAC) \u06a9\u06d2 \u0630\u0631\u06cc\u0639\u06d2 \u0637\u06d2 \u06a9\u06cc\u06d2 \u062c\u0627\u062a\u06d2 \u06c1\u06cc\u06ba\u060c \u0627\u0648\u0631 \u06a9\u0686\u06be \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u06cc\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u06cc\u06ba GB\/T 3414\u060c GB\/T 6995\u060c \u0627\u0648\u0631 GB\/T 2585 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u06c1\u06cc\u06ba\u06d4 GB\/T 3414 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0631\u06cc\u0644 \u06a9\u06d2 \u062a\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u06a9\u06cc \u0648\u0636\u0627\u062d\u062a \u06a9\u0631\u062a\u0627 \u06c1\u06d2\u060c \u0628\u0634\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u06cc\u0644 \u06a9\u06cc \u0642\u0633\u0645\u060c \u0633\u0627\u0626\u0632\u060c \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u06a9\u06cc \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u060c \u0645\u06a9\u06cc\u0646\u06cc\u06a9\u0644 \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u06cc\u0627\u062a \u0648\u063a\u06cc\u0631\u06c1\u06d4 \u0645\u0639\u06cc\u0627\u0631 GB\/T 6995 \u0627\u0648\u0631 GB\/T 2585 \u06a9\u06d2 \u0645\u0639\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u067e\u0631 \u0645\u0628\u0646\u06cc \u06c1\u06d2\u06d4 GB\/T 6995 \u06a9\u06cc \u062a\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0634\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0637 \u06a9\u06cc \u0648\u0636\u0627\u062d\u062a \u06a9\u0631\u062a\u0627 \u06c1\u06d2\u06d4 \u062a\u06cc\u0632 \u0631\u0641\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u06cc\u0644 \u0631\u0648\u0688\u0632 \u06a9\u06d2 \u0644\u06cc\u06d2 \u0631\u06cc\u0644\u060c \u0628\u0634\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u06cc \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u06cc\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0648 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0648\u0631 \u062a\u06cc\u0632 \u0631\u0641\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u06cc\u0644 \u0631\u0648\u0688 \u06a9\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u06af\u06cc \u06a9\u06d2 \u067e\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0645\u06cc\u0679\u0631\u0632\u06d4 YB\/T 5050 \u062a\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u06a9\u06cc \u0648\u0636\u0627\u062d\u062a \u06a9\u0631\u062a\u0627 \u06c1\u06d2\u06d4 \u06a9\u0631\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06ba \u06a9\u06d2 \u0644\u0626\u06d2 \u0633\u0679\u06cc\u0644 \u0631\u06cc\u0644<\/a>\u062c\u0633 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0631\u06cc\u0644 \u06a9\u06cc \u0642\u0633\u0645\u060c \u0633\u0627\u0626\u0632\u060c \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u06a9\u06cc \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u060c \u0645\u06a9\u06cc\u0646\u06cc\u06a9\u0644 \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u06cc\u0627\u062a \u0648\u063a\u06cc\u0631\u06c1 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u06c1\u06cc\u06ba\u06d4\n

\u062c\u0627\u067e\u0627\u0646 (JIS \u0645\u0639\u06cc\u0627\u0631\u06cc)<\/span><\/h3>\n\u062c\u0627\u067e\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0631\u06cc\u0644 \u06a9\u06d2 \u0645\u0639\u06cc\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0627\u067e\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u06cc\u0644\u0648\u06d2 \u0627\u0633\u0679\u06cc\u0646\u0688\u0631\u0688\u0627\u0626\u0632\u06cc\u0634\u0646 \u0633\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0679\u06cc (JRSK) \u0627\u0648\u0631 \u062c\u0627\u067e\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u06cc\u0644\u0648\u06d2 \u0679\u06cc\u06a9\u0646\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u06cc \u0627\u0646\u0633\u0679\u06cc \u0679\u06cc\u0648\u0679 (RTRI) \u06a9\u06d2 \u0630\u0631\u06cc\u0639\u06c1 \u062a\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u06a9\u06cc\u06d2 \u06af\u0626\u06d2 \u06c1\u06cc\u06ba\u06d4 \u0631\u06cc\u0644 \u06a9\u06d2 \u0644\u06cc\u06d2 \u06a9\u0686\u06be \u062c\u0627\u067e\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0645\u0639\u06cc\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u06cc\u06ba JIS E 1101\u060c JIS E 1103\u060c \u0648\u063a\u06cc\u0631\u06c1 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u06c1\u06cc\u06ba\u06d4 JIS E 1101 \u0631\u06cc\u0644 \u06a9\u06d2 \u0644\u06cc\u06d2 \u0633\u0679\u06cc\u0644 \u06a9\u06cc \u06a9\u06cc\u0645\u06cc\u0627\u0626\u06cc \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u060c \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0648 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u06a9\u06cc\u0646\u06cc\u06a9\u0644 \u067e\u0631\u0627\u067e\u0631\u0679\u06cc \u06a9\u06cc \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u062a \u06a9\u0648 \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u0631\u062a\u0627 \u06c1\u06d2\u06d4 JIS E 1103 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u06a9\u06d2 \u0631\u06cc\u0644\u0648\u06ba \u06a9\u06d2 \u0644\u06cc\u06d2 \u062c\u06c1\u062a\u06cc \u0627\u0648\u0631 \u06c1\u0646\u062f\u0633\u06cc \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0636\u0648\u06ba \u06a9\u06cc \u0648\u0636\u0627\u062d\u062a \u06a9\u0631\u062a\u0627 \u06c1\u06d2\u06d4\n\n\"\u062c\u06d2\n\n\"\u062c\u06d2\n\n\"\u062c\u06d2\n

\u06cc\u0648\u0631\u067e (EN \u0627\u0648\u0631 UIC \u0645\u0639\u06cc\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a)<\/span><\/h3>\n\u06cc\u0648\u0631\u067e\u06cc \u0631\u06cc\u0644 \u0631\u0648\u0688 \u0633\u0633\u0679\u0645 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u06c1\u0648\u0646\u06d2 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u06d2 \u0645\u0639\u06cc\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0646\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u06cc \u0637\u0648\u0631 \u067e\u0631 EN (European Standard) \u0627\u0648\u0631 UIC (International Union of Railways) \u06a9\u06cc \u062a\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u06c1 \u0648\u0636\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0648\u06ba \u067e\u0631 \u0645\u0628\u0646\u06cc \u06c1\u06cc\u06ba\u06d4 \u06a9\u0686\u06be \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u06cc\u0648\u0631\u067e\u06cc \u0631\u06cc\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u06cc\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u06cc\u06ba EN 13674\u060c EN 13675\u060c UIC 860 \u0627\u0648\u0631 \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u06c1\u06cc\u06ba\u06d4 EN 13674 \u0645\u0639\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u06a9\u06cc \u0631\u06cc\u0644\u0648\u06ba \u06a9\u06cc \u0648\u0633\u06cc\u0639 \u0631\u06cc\u0646\u062c \u06a9\u0627 \u0627\u062d\u0627\u0637\u06c1 \u06a9\u0631\u062a\u0627 \u06c1\u06d2\u060c \u0628\u0634\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0631\u06cc\u0644 \u06a9\u06cc \u0627\u0642\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0679\u0631\u06cc\u06a9 \u06af\u0631\u06cc\u0688\u0632\u06d4 \u0627\u0633 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0631\u06cc\u0644\u0648\u06ba \u06a9\u06cc \u0645\u0627\u062f\u06cc \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u06cc\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0648 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u06a9\u06cc\u0646\u06cc\u06a9\u0644 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u062a \u06a9\u06d2 \u0633\u0627\u062a\u06be \u06c1\u06cc\u0679 \u0679\u0631\u06cc\u0679\u0645\u0646\u0679 \u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u06cc\u0644\u0688\u0646\u06af \u06a9\u06cc \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u062a \u06a9\u0627 \u0627\u062d\u0627\u0637\u06c1 \u06a9\u06cc\u0627 \u06af\u06cc\u0627 \u06c1\u06d2\u06d4\n\n\"\u0631\u06cc\u0644\n\n\"\u0631\u06cc\u0644\n\n\"\u0631\u06cc\u0644\n\n\"\u0631\u06cc\u0644\n\n\"\u0631\u06cc\u0644\n\n\"\u0631\u06cc\u0644\n

\u0627\u0646\u0688\u06cc\u0627 (IS \u0633\u0679\u06cc\u0646\u0688\u0631\u0688\u0632)<\/span><\/h3>\n\u0627\u0633\u0679\u06cc\u0644 \u0631\u06cc\u0644\u0648\u06ba \u06a9\u06d2 \u0644\u06cc\u06d2 \u06c1\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0645\u0639\u06cc\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0637\u0648\u0631 \u067e\u0631 IS (\u0627\u0646\u0688\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u0679\u06cc\u0646\u0688\u0631\u0688\u0632 \u0627\u062a\u06be\u0627\u0631\u0679\u06cc) \u067e\u0631 \u0645\u0628\u0646\u06cc \u06c1\u0648\u062a\u06d2 \u06c1\u06cc\u06ba \u062c\u06cc\u0633\u06d2 IS 3443, IS 2062 \u0648\u063a\u06cc\u0631\u06c1\u06d4 IS 3443 \u0631\u06cc\u0644 \u06a9\u06d2 \u0644\u06cc\u06d2 \u0627\u0633\u0679\u06cc\u0644 \u06a9\u06cc \u062a\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0634\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0637 \u06a9\u06cc \u0648\u0636\u0627\u062d\u062a \u06a9\u0631\u062a\u0627 \u06c1\u06d2\u060c \u0628\u0634\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u06a9\u06cc\u0645\u06cc\u0627\u0626\u06cc \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u060c \u0645\u06a9\u06cc\u0646\u06cc\u06a9\u0644 \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u06cc\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062c\u06c1\u062a\u06cc \u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u06a9\u06cc \u0645\u0639\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u06a9\u06cc \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u062a\u06d4 IS 2062 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0631\u06cc\u0644\u0648\u06d2 \u06a9\u06d2 \u0644\u06cc\u06d2 \u0627\u0633\u0679\u06cc\u0644 \u06a9\u06d2 \u062a\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u06a9\u06cc \u0648\u0636\u0627\u062d\u062a \u06a9\u0631\u062a\u0627 \u06c1\u06d2\u06d4\n\n\"\u0622\u0626\u06cc\n\n\"\u0622\u0626\u06cc\n\n\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06c1 \u06a9\u0631\u0645 \u0646\u0648\u0679 \u06a9\u0631\u06cc\u06ba \u06a9\u06c1 \u0645\u0646\u062f\u0631\u062c\u06c1 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0686\u0646\u062f \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u06cc\u06ba \u06c1\u06cc\u06ba \u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0644\u06a9 \u0627\u0648\u0631 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u06ba \u06a9\u06d2 \u0645\u0639\u06cc\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0645\u0632\u06cc\u062f \u062a\u0641\u0635\u06cc\u0644\u06cc \u0636\u0627\u0628\u0637\u06d2 \u0627\u0648\u0631 \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0636\u06d2 \u06c1\u0648 \u0633\u06a9\u062a\u06d2 \u06c1\u06cc\u06ba\u06d4 \u06a9\u0633\u06cc \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0645\u0644\u06a9 \u06cc\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u06d2 \u06a9\u06d2 \u0644\u06cc\u06d2 \u0631\u06cc\u0644 \u06a9\u06d2 \u0645\u0639\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u06a9\u06cc \u062a\u0641\u0635\u06cc\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0646\u06d2 \u06a9\u06d2 \u0644\u06cc\u06d2\u060c \u0622\u067e \u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u06c1 \u0645\u0639\u06cc\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u06a9\u06cc \u062a\u0646\u0638\u06cc\u0645 \u06a9\u06d2 \u0633\u0631\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0648\u06cc\u0632\u0627\u062a \u06a9\u0627 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u06c1 \u062f\u06d2 \u0633\u06a9\u062a\u06d2 \u06c1\u06cc\u06ba \u06cc\u0627 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