Siła uderzenia wzdłużnego suwnicy: metody obliczeniowe zapewniające bezpieczeństwo w fabryce

In plant design, it is very important to consider the overhead crane longitudinal impact forces, as this has a direct impact on the safety and long-term stability of the plant structure. Especially when it comes to bridge cranes (e.g. single girder, double girder cranes) and other large equipment, designers usually anticipate possible impacts and load changes during crane operation and optimise the structure of the plant.

Overhead Crane Longitudinal Impact Force Formula: 

F=ξGv₀²/2gs · r_Q

• F — acting in the car block bridge longitudinal horizontal impact force design value (kN) 
• G — impact body weight (kN), for the soft hook bridge G = G0 + 0.1Gn
• G₀ — total weight of bridge (self-weight) (kN) 
• Gn — rated lifting capacity of bridge (kN) 
• v₀ — speed of the big vehicle at the time of collision, take v0 = 0.5v 
• v——Rated speed of big car operation (m/sec) 
• g — Gravitational acceleration, take g=9.81m/sec2 
• s — Buffer travel (m) 
• ξ — Consideration of elastic cushion plate deformation on the car gear and other favourable factors coefficient to take 0.8 
• r_Q — Bridge load sub-coefficient, take 1.4

Overhead Crane Longitudinal Impact Force Calculation Case: 

An industrial plant, with two 50/10t electric hook overhead travelling crane, the crane main specification parameters are: 

Working level A6, bridge span S = 22.5m, track type QU80, the rated speed of the big car running v = 95m/min, the total weight of the crane G₀ = 65t, the trolley weight g = 19.4t, the maximum wheel pressure P = 410kN, the buffer stroke s = 0.140m, the distance from the buffer centre to the top of the track H = 1130m. 

Calculate the design value of the longitudinal horizontal impact force F of the bridge machine borne by the car block according to the formula:

G=65+0.1×50=70t

v₀=0.5×95/60=0.79m/sec

F=(0.8×70×9.81×0.79²)/(2×9.81×0.14)×1.4=174.7kN

The longitudinal horizontal impact force of an overhead travelling crane acting on a car stop is mainly caused by the inertial forces generated by the overhead travelling crane during operation. It is a force due to changes in the speed of the overhead travelling crane in the longitudinal direction (e.g. acceleration, deceleration or sudden stop). Car stops need to be designed to be strong enough to withstand longitudinal impact forces from the crane. The maximum speed and acceleration of the crane and the maximum load of the crane need to be taken into account in the design of the car stops to ensure that the car stops will not be damaged or deformed in the event of collision.

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